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Ever since the advent of photography in the early 19th century, critics have declared painting dead. Indeed, faced with the camera’s unique ability to realistically depict the world, painting—the medium that used to be synonymous with art itself—has been compelled to constant reinvention. This is why many modern artists of the 20th century used their work to reflect on these most fundamental questions: What is painting, what are its potentials and limitations, and what is its role in an art world increasingly open to pluralistic practices?