Edward Redfield was the most prominent member of the New Hope School of landscape painting, revered for his bravura paint handling and immense Impressionist canvases made along the Delaware River, many made en plein air and in the biting cold of winter. In the decade before 1900, Redfield studied and worked in France, rooming with Robert Henri in Paris, and coming under the influence of William Gedney Bunce and James Abbott McNeill Whistler; his “soup” method of painting, applying a neutral tone to the prepared canvas, required only a minimal amount of paint to be used, while the ground additionally supplied a unifying and harmonizing element. Redfield’s love of dramatic form never faltered even as he moved away from the moody and often haunting sensibility of the early work to his classic Impressionistic snow scenes and his late works of seaside Maine. The charismatic Redfield employed both Tonalist and Impressionist modes according to his requirements.