Heinz Mack lives and works in Dusseldorf, Germany, where he constantly experiments with the effects of light and color. Regarding light as his central artistic theme, Mack works across many mediums—painting, sculpture, drawing, ceramics, and interiors—which use light to explore reflection, movement, and structure. Mack studied painting at the Dusseldorf Academy of Arts and received his philosophy degree from Cologne University in 1956; shortly after, he co-founded Group Zero—embracing a clean slate approach to design—alongside Otto Piene. In his early work, Mack created monochrome paintings of black or white parallel lines, followed by explorations of luminosity and movement through light reliefs and light cubes made of polished aluminum. In large-scale, environmental works, Mack has created light rotors, pillars, and columns, such as the columns he placed in the Sahara desert or his “light-and-movement” room for Berlin’s 1970 German Industrial Exhibition.