#ArtWiseUP: Artist Spotlight – Alexander Calder

♢ EDITORIAL by Sal McIntyre, New York ♢

Calder is an artist whose work most people can recognize, the prolific American sculptor who created one of the most iconic and unique visual styles in modern art — practically inventing an entire genre, kinetic sculpture, that is still spearheaded by his visionary work even to this day. Born in Philadelphia in 1898, Calder came from a family of artists, his grandfather and father being renowned and publicly recognized sculptors and his mother a professional portrait artist. Early on his parents voiced that they did not want him to suffer the life of an artist, so he decided to study mechanical engineering, something he seemed to have a natural intuition about from a young age. It is apparent that his artistic genes were not to be forgone however, inescapably infused into all that he expressed— his graceful and inspired compositions are clearly the results of an effortless combination of both his artistic instincts and his affinity with engineering.

Though most known for his sculpture, he created a great volume of works in many different mediums including painting and printmaking, miniatures, children’s book illustrations, theater set design, jewelry design, tapestries and rugs, and even political posters. What tied together this vast range of expressions could be identified as an investigation into abstract surrealism, drawing inspiration from the movement and balance found in the natural world. Often containing biomorphic forms, his innate sense of lightness and whimsy is tempered by an unwavering understanding of how the world assembles itself, reflecting the blissful unpredictability combined with the stability of structure seen within nature. This strong and distinctive vantage point led to Calder being widely considered one of the most important American sculptors of the 20th century.

An image that perhaps sums up the many aspects of Calder’s brilliance is The S-Shaped Vine, a classic example of his playful abstract rendering of plant forms that shift with awe-inspiring movement. The surprising balance he achieves in this sculpture reveals Calder at his best.

These other two sculptures, Morning Star and Untitled, seem to almost display his mind at work, being more like material descriptions of thoughts or imagination rather than of objects themselves.

In Maeght Editeur, a first edition stone lithograph print for his 1971 exhibition at the infamous Galerie Maeght, he applies the same distillation and stylization of nature seen in his sculptures, a purely Calder-esque flavor. Amongst friends he was known for his good humor and mischievous, amiable outlook, something that undoubtedly colors much of his work.

The Derriere Le Miroir publication was an ideal venue to showcase the simplicity and musicality of his creative voice— even when working with the human figure, a beautiful piece like this Derriere le Miroir no. 173 print can hold its own also as abstract form.

We can look at stone lithograph prints Spirales and Derriere Le Miroir Cover 173 to see that he is not afraid to be painterly and imprecise, something perhaps uncommon amongst mechanical engineers. His compositions seem wholly satisfying, and show a refreshing sort of ease.

In Sun and Moon and another piece from Derriere le Miroir he is more representational yet no less surrealistic, employing his sense of fun and seriousness at the same time— the stark color choice and decisive shape rendering allowing for a clear and direct line straight to the inventive origins of these beguiling figures.

When he takes the abstraction to an extreme we end up with works like La Grenouille et la Scie, which translates to The Frog and the Saw, still working with humor inexorably.

And to indulge in a full suite of the Calder experience, an entire 1966 issue of Derriere Le Miroir 156 is devoted to his lithography, a first edition printed by Maeght Editeur including four loose leaf double-page stone lithograph spreads. His fluent radiance is capable of creating an immediate connection with a distinguished and enlightening humanism.